|
Outcomes
|
Probability (Pr)
|
Return (R)
|
Expected Return (Pr
X R)
|
|
L
|
0.5
|
-$300
|
-$150.00
|
|
WLL
|
(0.4x0.5x0.5) = 0.1
|
-$300
|
-$30.00
|
|
WLWL
|
(0.4x0.5x0.4x0.5) = 0.04
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
WLWW
|
(0.4x0.5x0.4x0.4) = 0.032
|
$600
|
$19.20
|
|
WLWS
|
(0.4x0.5x0.4x0.1) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
WLSL
|
(0.4x0.5x0.1x0.5) = 0.01
|
-$300
|
-$3.00
|
|
WLSW
|
(0.4x0.5x0.1x0.4) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
WLSS
|
(0.4x0.5x0.1x0.1) = 0.002
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
WWLL
|
(0.4x0.4x0.5x0.5) = 0.04
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
WWLW
|
(0.4x0.4x0.5x0.4) = 0.032
|
$600
|
$19.20
|
|
WWLS
|
(0.4x0.4x0.5x0.1) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
WWWL
|
(0.4x0.4x0.4x0.5) = 0.032
|
$600
|
$19.20
|
|
WWWW
|
(0.4x0.4x0.4x0.4) = 0.0256
|
$1200
|
$30.72
|
|
WWWS
|
(0.4x0.4x0.4x0.1) = 0.0064
|
$900
|
$5.76
|
|
WWSL
|
(0.4x0.4x0.1x0.5) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
WWSW
|
(0.4x0.4x0.1x0.4) = 0.0064
|
$900
|
$5.76
|
|
WWSS
|
(0.4x0.4x0.1x0.1) = 0.0016
|
$600
|
$0.96
|
|
WSLL
|
(0.4x0.1x0.5x0.5) = 0.01
|
-$300
|
-$3.00
|
|
WSLW
|
(0.4x0.1x0.5x0.4) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
WSLS
|
(0.4x0.1x0.5x0.1) = 0.002
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
WSWL
|
(0.4x0.1x0.4x0.5) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
WSWW
|
(0.4x0.1x0.4x0.4) = 0.0064
|
$900
|
$5.76
|
|
WSWS
|
(0.4x0.1x0.4x0.1) = 0.0016
|
$600
|
$0.96
|
|
WSSL
|
(0.4x0.1x0.1x0.5) = 0.002
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
WSSW
|
(0.4x0.1x0.1x0.4) = 0.0016
|
$600
|
$0.96
|
|
WSSS
|
(0.4x0.1x0.1x0.1) = 0.0004
|
$300
|
$0.12
|
|
SL
|
(0.1x0.5) = 0.05
|
-$300
|
-$15.00
|
|
SWLL
|
(0.1x0.4x0.5x0.5) = 0.01
|
-$300
|
-$3.00
|
|
SWLW
|
(0.1x0.4x0.5x0.4) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
SWLS
|
(0.1x0.4x0.5x0.1) = 0.002
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
SWWL
|
(0.1x0.4x0.4x0.5) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
SWWW
|
(0.1x0.4x0.4x0.4) = 0.0064
|
$900
|
$5.76
|
|
SWWS
|
(0.1x0.4x0.4x0.1) = 0.0016
|
$600
|
$0.96
|
|
SWSL
|
(0.1x0.4x0.1x0.5) = 0.002
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
SWSW
|
(0.1x0.4x0.1x0.4) = 0.0016
|
$600
|
$0.96
|
|
SWSS
|
(0.1x0.4x0.1x0.1) = 0.0004
|
$300
|
$0.12
|
|
SSL
|
(0.1x0.1x0.5) = 0.005
|
-$300
|
-$1.50
|
|
SSWL
|
(0.1x0.1x0.4x0.5) = 0.002
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
SSWW
|
(0.1x0.1x0.4x0.4) = 0.0016
|
$600
|
$0.96
|
|
SSWS
|
(0.1x0.1x0.4x0.1) = 0.0004
|
$300
|
$0.12
|
|
SSSL
|
(0.1x0.1x0.1x0.5) = 0.0005
|
-$300
|
-$0.15
|
|
SSSW
|
(0.1x0.1x0.1x0.4) = 0.0004
|
$300
|
$0.12
|
|
SSSS
|
(0.1x0.1x0.1x0.1) = 0.0001
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
Total
|
1
|
|
-$17.85
|
|
Outcomes
|
Probability (Pr)
|
Return (R)
|
Expected Return (Pr X R)
|
|
L
|
0.5
|
-$100
|
-$50.00
|
|
WLL
|
(0.4x0.5x0.5) = 0.1
|
-$100
|
-$10.00
|
|
WLWL
|
(0.4x0.5x0.4x0.5) = 0.04
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
WLWW
|
(0.4x0.5x0.4x0.4) = 0.032
|
$600
|
$19.20
|
|
WLWS
|
(0.4x0.5x0.4x0.1) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
WLSL
|
(0.4x0.5x0.1x0.5) = 0.01
|
-$100
|
-$1.00
|
|
WLSW
|
(0.4x0.5x0.1x0.4) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
WLSS
|
(0.4x0.5x0.1x0.1) = 0.002
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
WWLL
|
(0.4x0.4x0.5x0.5) = 0.04
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
WWLW
|
(0.4x0.4x0.5x0.4) = 0.032
|
$600
|
$19.20
|
|
WWLS
|
(0.4x0.4x0.5x0.1) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
WWWL
|
(0.4x0.4x0.4x0.5) = 0.032
|
$600
|
$19.20
|
|
WWWW
|
(0.4x0.4x0.4x0.4) = 0.0256
|
$1200
|
$30.72
|
|
WWWS
|
(0.4x0.4x0.4x0.1) = 0.0064
|
$900
|
$5.76
|
|
WWSL
|
(0.4x0.4x0.1x0.5) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
WWSW
|
(0.4x0.4x0.1x0.4) = 0.0064
|
$900
|
$5.76
|
|
WWSS
|
(0.4x0.4x0.1x0.1) = 0.0016
|
$600
|
$0.96
|
|
WSLL
|
(0.4x0.1x0.5x0.5) = 0.01
|
-$100
|
-$1.00
|
|
WSLW
|
(0.4x0.1x0.5x0.4) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
WSLS
|
(0.4x0.1x0.5x0.1) = 0.002
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
WSWL
|
(0.4x0.1x0.4x0.5) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
WSWW
|
(0.4x0.1x0.4x0.4) = 0.0064
|
$900
|
$5.76
|
|
WSWS
|
(0.4x0.1x0.4x0.1) = 0.0016
|
$600
|
$0.96
|
|
WSSL
|
(0.4x0.1x0.1x0.5) = 0.002
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
WSSW
|
(0.4x0.1x0.1x0.4) = 0.0016
|
$600
|
$0.96
|
|
WSSS
|
(0.4x0.1x0.1x0.1) = 0.0004
|
$300
|
$0.12
|
|
SL
|
(0.1x0.5) = 0.05
|
-$100
|
-$5.00
|
|
SWLL
|
(0.1x0.4x0.5x0.5) = 0.01
|
-$100
|
-$1.00
|
|
SWLW
|
(0.1x0.4x0.5x0.4) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
SWLS
|
(0.1x0.4x0.5x0.1) = 0.002
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
SWWL
|
(0.1x0.4x0.4x0.5) = 0.008
|
$300
|
$2.40
|
|
SWWW
|
(0.1x0.4x0.4x0.4) = 0.0064
|
$900
|
$5.76
|
|
SWWS
|
(0.1x0.4x0.4x0.1) = 0.0016
|
$600
|
$0.96
|
|
SWSL
|
(0.1x0.4x0.1x0.5) = 0.002
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
SWSW
|
(0.1x0.4x0.1x0.4) = 0.0016
|
$600
|
$0.96
|
|
SWSS
|
(0.1x0.4x0.1x0.1) = 0.0004
|
$300
|
$0.12
|
|
SSL
|
(0.1x0.1x0.5) = 0.005
|
-$100
|
-$0.50
|
|
SSWL
|
(0.1x0.1x0.4x0.5) = 0.002
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
SSWW
|
(0.1x0.1x0.4x0.4) = 0.0016
|
$600
|
$0.96
|
|
SSWS
|
(0.1x0.1x0.4x0.1) = 0.0004
|
$300
|
$0.12
|
|
SSSL
|
(0.1x0.1x0.1x0.5) = 0.0005
|
-$100
|
-$0.05
|
|
SSSW
|
(0.1x0.1x0.1x0.4) = 0.0004
|
$300
|
$0.12
|
|
SSSS
|
(0.1x0.1x0.1x0.1) = 0.0001
|
$0
|
$0.00
|
|
Total
|
1
|
|
$107.25
|
I don’t recommend betting
4 hands of $300 as the risks of not winning become too large.
As detailed in the step-by-step instructions you should bet as much
as you can until you have $1,000 in your account.
Then to reduce the risk of losing it all bet only $10 a hand until
you meet the gambling requirements. Appendix
C shows some analysis on the results of the “casino winners secrets”
strategy under simulation.
Simulation Results
The simulation was done
using SAS. SAS is a statistical
analysis software that is widely used in most companies that carry out data
analysis. It is also available
in most universities. It is
possibly not the most efficient computer language for performing this type
of simulation however I use SAS in my work so it was the only language I
know well and was available to me.
Attached below is the actual
program I used to produce the results. The
logic in it is as follows:
- Start
with a pot of $300, a stake of $300 and a gambling requirement remainder
(rem) of $1200
- Using
random numbers allocate a win [Pr(W) = 0.4], a [loss Pr(L) = 0.5] and a
stand off [Pr(S) = 0.1] to your hand
- If
the result is a win: pot = pot + stake
- If
the result is a loss: pot = pot – stake
- If
the result is a stand-off: pot = pot
- Regardless
of the result: rem = rem – stake
- If
the number of wins is less than 2 then the stake is set as follows
- If
the gambling requirement is met but the pot is $200 or less continue
gambling the entire pot.
- If
the gambling requirement or the pot is less than $500 then bet the
minimum of the two
- Otherwise
the stake should be $500
- If
the number of wins is 2 or greater (which should put you over $1,000 in
the account) then reduce the stake to just $10.
- Repeat
steps 2 to 4 until rem = $0 or pot = $0.
- If
rem = $0 or pot = $0 then calculate the profit
- If
pot = $0 then profit = -$100
- Otherwise
profit = pot - $300
- Repeat
steps 1 – 6 for 24 casinos and calculate a total profit across all 24
- Repeat
steps 1 – 7 for 2,000 simulations and determine average and variance
statistics.
The total profit across 24
casinos after 2,000 simulations produced the following results.
Mean
$1,689.96 Std Deviation
1,661
Median
$1,800.00 Variance
2,759,128
Range
$13,940.00
Percentile
Estimate
100% Max $11,540
99%
$6,855
95%
$4,310
90%
$3,430
75% Q3
$2,630
50% Median $1,800
25% Q1
$930
10%
$10
5%
-$1,400
1%
-$2,400
0% Min
-$2,400
Extreme Observations
----Lowest----
----Highest----
Value
Obs Value
Obs
-$2,400
1993
$8,340
1823
-$2,400 1971
$8,680
734
-$2,400 1925
$9,460
1489
-$2,400 1915 $10,380 1341
-$2,400 1914 $11,540 856
What these results show is
that the most you can lose by going to all 24 casinos is $2,400 (ie.
A loss of $100 per casino). The
most that was won was $11,540 and the average winnings were $1,689.96.
The 10% percentile = $10.
This indicates you are likely to make $10 or more, 90% of the time.
The 25% percentile = $930 indicates that you are likely to make $930
or more 75% of the time. The 99%
percentile = $6,855 indicates you are likely to make $6,855 or more 1% of
the time.
Remember that this is a
fairly conservative estimate. The
probabilities I’ve applied to wins, losses and stand-offs are only
indicative but I have erred on the side of caution so a simulation with more
accurate probabilities could produce more favorable results.
I’ve provided the program so that you can test the strategy and
adjust it yourself.
The more casinos you try the
more likely you are to make a profit, however it also can result in a
greater loss. If you only want
to go to 10 casinos then obviously the most you can lose is $1,000.
However the average return will be less.
I recommend forming a
syndicate of close friends to reduce the chance of sustaining a loss and
increasing your expected return.